A nice Paternoster image:
Image from page 724 of “The animal kingdom : arranged after its organization, forming a natural history of animals, and an introduction to comparative anatomy” (1849)
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Identifier: animalkingdomar00cuvi
Title: The animal kingdom : arranged after its organization, forming a natural history of animals, and an introduction to comparative anatomy
Year: 1849 (1840s)
Authors: Cuvier, Georges, baron, 1769-1832 Metcalf Collection (North Carolina State University) NCRS Blyth, Edward, 1810-1873 Mudie, Robert, 1777-1842 Johnston, George, 1797-1855 Westwood, J. O. (John Obadiah), 1805-1893 Carpenter, William Benjamin, 1813-1885
Subjects: Animals
Publisher: London : Wm. S. Orr and Co., Amen Corner, Paternoster Row
Contributing Library: NCSU Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: NCSU Libraries
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Text Appearing Before Image:
et; andall the surface is covered with pores leading to small tubes which admitwater, probably for the purpose of respiration. On the central disc, buttoward one side of it, there is a stony plate, and below it a canal filledwith calcareous matter ; and it is probable that this is the apparatus bywhich the hard matter of the body is elaborated. There is a sort of verte-brated osseous column in each ray; and some of the species have osseousplates, and spines on the sides of the rays. Internally, they have oneFig. i3s.-A.teri.s. stomach, with two branched coeca extending to each ray; each ray, also, contains two ovaries, and it is understood that they propagate by self-impregnation. The raysare easily reproduced, for the central disc and one ray will reproduce all the others. The mouth, whichis the only opening to the alimentary organs, is on the under side of the central disc. According toTiedemann, the principal nerve surrounds the mouth, and sends off a filament to each arm. Such are
Text Appearing After Image:
640 ECHINODERMATA. the general chavacters of the genus Astenas, the Star-fish, properly so called ; and, in proportion asthey deviate from the Five-rayed Star, their coeca and ovaries are more numerous. A, rube/is, is very common in the European seas. A. glacialis, is much larger, often a foot in diameter; andit has tufts of fieshy tubes round the bases of the spines on the body, A. aiiraiitia, is still larger, and has theedges of the rays paved with osseous plates, bearing strong and moveable spines, gome, as A paposa, havemore than five rays. Some have the rays solid, and without the groove, and they are called Ophiunt, becausetheir rays have some resemblance to the tads of Sei-pents. These move by flexures of the rays, which have spineson the sides in some, and are covered with imbricated scales in others. In them the pores are between the basesof the rays. Tlie only feet which these have are in fine short grooves round the mouth. By some authors theyhave been made a separate genus
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