Fluoride: very high levels in water associated with cognitive impairment in children: Riccardo Mayer/Shutterstock Fluoride is one of the more abundant elements naturally found in drinking water, and levels around 0.7mg per litre have been proven to reduce tooth decay. This is why some countries add fluoride to drinking water. However, fluoride in drinking water …
Heading the ball is linked to cognitive impairment in retired professional footballers: new research: Oleksandr Osipov/Shutterstock The potential long-term neurological effects of concussions and other knocks to the head in professional sport have attracted significant attention and research interest over recent years. Confirmation in 2014 that former England footballer Jeff Astle died as a result …
How routine sparring can cause short-term impairment to boxers’ brains: Shutterstock Thrilling the masses for millennia, boxing has evolved down the centuries – rules have changed, equipment improved, training enhanced. However, one key aspect has essentially stayed the same: incapacitating the opponent before they incapacitate you. Boxers are mostly exposed to subconcussive head impacts, that …